Checklist for Choosing a Puppy
如何挑选幼犬
When going to buy a puppy, there are certain things that should be investigated by the purchaser before a final decision is made on which dog to bring home.
当你想买一只幼犬的时候，有一些常识可以帮助你挑选
Health 健康
1. Are the puppies clean and do they appear healthy?
幼犬是否看起来健康
Puppies should be active, bright eyed, and have an outward appearance of good health (good skin and coat, no unusual odor, clean ears, etc.)
幼犬应该活泼、眼睛明亮、从外观看一切都很健康（比如良好的毛发、无异味、耳道清洁等等）
2. Have the puppies been checked for worms?
幼犬是否蛆虫
Be certain that the puppy has been examined for worms and that it will receive at least one vaccination before it goes home with you.
一定保证幼犬做过蛆虫，而且在你买回家前至少接种一次免疫
3. Have the parents been x-rayed for hip displasia?
幼犬的父母是否有髋关节遗传疾病
This is just one of several genetic disorders that Alaskan Malamutes can be prone to. The breeder should be aware of hereditary diseases that can affect Mals and should be actively trying to breed sound, healthy dogs with stable temperaments. Be sure to have the breeder discuss with you CHD, OFA, CERF, and if his or her dogs have been certified in these areas.
髋关节只是阿拉斯加雪橇犬易遗传的一种常见遗传病，作为繁殖者，应该注意这些遗传疾病同时尽量繁育性情稳定、健康的幼犬。在买之前要同卖主问清是否有冠心病等疾病的遗传史
Early Socialization
早期社会化
1. Are the puppies friendly and attracted to people?
1.幼犬是否对人友善、亲近
Puppies should be outgoing, begging to be picked up, competing for attention, and love being held and played with. Beware of the very timid puppy.
幼犬应该外向、渴望被人抱起、争宠、而且喜欢同人玩耍。要特别注意胆怯的小狗
2. Is the mother friendly and attractive?
2.母狗是否也是否对人友善、亲近
By the time the pups are 6 weeks old, the mother SHOULD NOT be aggressive or overprotective of her young. If the father is present, is he willing to make friends with visitors? DO NOT buy puppies whose parents have poor temperaments. TEMPERAMENT CAN BE HEREDITARY!!!
在幼犬6周龄的时候，母狗不应该还有明显护崽行为，如果公狗也在，看一看公狗是否愿意同人亲近。不要买性格不好的大狗的后代，因为狗的脾气是可以遗传的。
3. Are the puppies old enough to leave the litter?
幼犬是否可以分窝
Puppies should NEVER be taken away from their litters before 6 weeks of age. They need to interact with their littermates for at least that long. Seven or eight weeks is even better. However, there is a limit. A puppy that is kept with its littermates past the age of 10 weeks may have become "dog dependent."
一般来讲，幼犬在6周龄前不应该分窝，这段时期内，幼犬需要同同窝幼崽在一起交流。7-8周分窝更好。但是一般在10周前一定要分窝，因为10周内不分窝的狗，将来很可能依赖狗，而同人疏远
4. Did the breeder start to socialize the puppies?
繁育者是否对小狗进行社会化训练
If the breeder has given each puppy the individual attention, care, and training that it needs during the first 6-8 weeks of its life, it will be obvious.
如果繁育者已经在6-8周内根据各个小狗的不同性格特点进行了不同的关心，养护和训练，训练效果是非常明显的
The Breeder 繁育者
1. Is the breeder experienced with Alaskan Malamutes?
繁育者是否非常了解阿拉斯加雪橇犬
The breeder should be able to answer your questions about the dogs and help you with any problems that arise. This is one of the reasons you are buying from a breeder and not a pet shop (or someone that raises puppies commercially) whose prime motive is profit, not the well being of the dog.
繁育者应该对这个品种十分了解以至于可以帮你解答在饲养中遇到的各种问题。这是从专业繁育者买狗而不去宠物店或者狗贩子手里买狗的原因，因为那些人的最初动机是利润，而不是繁育良好幼犬
2. Were you told about both the good and bad characteristics of Alaskan Malamutes?
你是否了解到了阿拉斯加的优缺点？
Every breed has its good points and bad. No one breed is perfect in every way. The breeder should be honest with you about the drawbacks that there are to owning an Alaskan Malamute. Beware of the hard sell. If you are being pressured into buying the puppy WALK AWAY.
每一个品种都有其优缺点，没有一个品种是十全十美。因此负责的繁育者将会向你坦白饲养阿拉斯加雪橇犬的缺点。当心强买强卖，如果有人非要卖你，而你又你感到饲养的压力，马上走开
3. Did the breeder insist that you take the dog through obedience training?
繁育者是否坚持叫你对狗 a requirement for sale. There is good reason for it. If you want your Alaskan Malamute to be a pleasure to own, it must have at least some basic obedience training.
负责的繁育者会经常在出售幼犬的时候对买主做此要求，这是有很充分的理由的。如果你希望能快乐的拥有你的阿拉斯加，那一些基础的服从性训练是必不可少的
4. Did the breeder discuss dog crates with you?
繁育者是否教会你使用笼子训练法
He or she should be explaining the importance of crate training, stressing how helpful they are, and talking about how to use them.
繁育者应该解释并强调笼子训练的重要性，而且教会你如何进行笼子训练
5. Will you get some kind of "starter kit"?
你是否学了一些入门的知识
The breeder will probably give you some materials to take home with the puppy to get you started. This "kit" will probably include some dog food, instructions on the care and feeding of your pup, a list of necessary supplies to have at home, dog care books, and some information on Veterinarians and dog training schools.
在你抱小狗回家时，繁育者应该赠送你你一些关于饲养的材料来指导你饲养幼犬。比如，饲养与护理常识、家庭养犬常备用品、护理方面书籍、以及一些关于疫苗和训练的书籍
6. Is the paperwork in order?
各种证书是否齐全
You should receive a contract (signed by both you and the seller), and a pedigree. Most responsible breeders sell their puppies on spay/neuter contracts, which means that you will receive the registration application only AFTER your dog has been spayed or neutered. This should be explained in the contract. (Note: You should not have to pay extra for the pedigree).
你应该同繁育者签署一个合同，以及一个血统证书。绝大多数负责的繁育者还会签署一个绝育合同，既只有当你的犬做好绝育后，方可等到认证申请表，而一切具体细节都需要在合同条款中阐述（注意：你不需要再为血统证书付额外的钱）
Your Responsibilities
你的责任
1. Are you willing to make a long term commitment to this dog?
你是否愿意为这条狗承担相当一段时间的责任与义务
Upon the purchase of this puppy, you are making a very serious, long term commitment to the health, care, training, and love of this dog. You should have this animal with you for a dozen years or more and it is your responsibility to do everything possible to keep it well, and happy for its entire life. A dog is not an object to be discarded when it no longer fits your life style!!! If you have any doubts that you can make this commitment, you need to seriously reconsider your decision to get a dog at this time.
一旦你买了这条狗，就意味着你将要为这条狗的健康、护理、和训练在相当一段时期内承担责任，并且爱这条狗。在以后的十几年中，你必须尽你所能去保持它健康，幸福，直至它离开这个世界。养狗不用于买其他商品，你不能像其他东西一样，在发觉不合适的时候就随手丢掉。如果你在买的时候对你的责任还有些忧郁，你需要慎重考虑再做定夺
2. Do you feel like you are adopting a child?
你是否感觉你是在收养一个孩子
You SHOULD be feeling this way!! Buying a puppy is a very serious act that involves great responsibility.DO NOT TAKE THIS RESPONSIBILITY LIGHTLY.事实上，你这应该这么想。买狗是件涉及到责任二字的很严肃的事情。请你不要把这份沉甸甸的责任看轻了
本文由CPN小潘老师 译
美国阿拉斯加犬协会 著
如何挑选幼犬
When going to buy a puppy, there are certain things that should be investigated by the purchaser before a final decision is made on which dog to bring home.
当你想买一只幼犬的时候，有一些常识可以帮助你挑选
Health 健康
1. Are the puppies clean and do they appear healthy?
幼犬是否看起来健康
Puppies should be active, bright eyed, and have an outward appearance of good health (good skin and coat, no unusual odor, clean ears, etc.)
幼犬应该活泼、眼睛明亮、从外观看一切都很健康（比如良好的毛发、无异味、耳道清洁等等）
2. Have the puppies been checked for worms?
幼犬是否蛆虫
Be certain that the puppy has been examined for worms and that it will receive at least one vaccination before it goes home with you.
一定保证幼犬做过蛆虫，而且在你买回家前至少接种一次免疫
3. Have the parents been x-rayed for hip displasia?
幼犬的父母是否有髋关节遗传疾病
This is just one of several genetic disorders that Alaskan Malamutes can be prone to. The breeder should be aware of hereditary diseases that can affect Mals and should be actively trying to breed sound, healthy dogs with stable temperaments. Be sure to have the breeder discuss with you CHD, OFA, CERF, and if his or her dogs have been certified in these areas.
髋关节只是阿拉斯加雪橇犬易遗传的一种常见遗传病，作为繁殖者，应该注意这些遗传疾病同时尽量繁育性情稳定、健康的幼犬。在买之前要同卖主问清是否有冠心病等疾病的遗传史
Early Socialization
早期社会化
1. Are the puppies friendly and attracted to people?
1.幼犬是否对人友善、亲近
Puppies should be outgoing, begging to be picked up, competing for attention, and love being held and played with. Beware of the very timid puppy.
幼犬应该外向、渴望被人抱起、争宠、而且喜欢同人玩耍。要特别注意胆怯的小狗
2. Is the mother friendly and attractive?
2.母狗是否也是否对人友善、亲近
By the time the pups are 6 weeks old, the mother SHOULD NOT be aggressive or overprotective of her young. If the father is present, is he willing to make friends with visitors? DO NOT buy puppies whose parents have poor temperaments. TEMPERAMENT CAN BE HEREDITARY!!!
在幼犬6周龄的时候，母狗不应该还有明显护崽行为，如果公狗也在，看一看公狗是否愿意同人亲近。不要买性格不好的大狗的后代，因为狗的脾气是可以遗传的。
3. Are the puppies old enough to leave the litter?
幼犬是否可以分窝
Puppies should NEVER be taken away from their litters before 6 weeks of age. They need to interact with their littermates for at least that long. Seven or eight weeks is even better. However, there is a limit. A puppy that is kept with its littermates past the age of 10 weeks may have become "dog dependent."
一般来讲，幼犬在6周龄前不应该分窝，这段时期内，幼犬需要同同窝幼崽在一起交流。7-8周分窝更好。但是一般在10周前一定要分窝，因为10周内不分窝的狗，将来很可能依赖狗，而同人疏远
4. Did the breeder start to socialize the puppies?
繁育者是否对小狗进行社会化训练
If the breeder has given each puppy the individual attention, care, and training that it needs during the first 6-8 weeks of its life, it will be obvious.
如果繁育者已经在6-8周内根据各个小狗的不同性格特点进行了不同的关心，养护和训练，训练效果是非常明显的
The Breeder 繁育者
1. Is the breeder experienced with Alaskan Malamutes?
繁育者是否非常了解阿拉斯加雪橇犬
The breeder should be able to answer your questions about the dogs and help you with any problems that arise. This is one of the reasons you are buying from a breeder and not a pet shop (or someone that raises puppies commercially) whose prime motive is profit, not the well being of the dog.
繁育者应该对这个品种十分了解以至于可以帮你解答在饲养中遇到的各种问题。这是从专业繁育者买狗而不去宠物店或者狗贩子手里买狗的原因，因为那些人的最初动机是利润，而不是繁育良好幼犬
2. Were you told about both the good and bad characteristics of Alaskan Malamutes?
你是否了解到了阿拉斯加的优缺点？
Every breed has its good points and bad. No one breed is perfect in every way. The breeder should be honest with you about the drawbacks that there are to owning an Alaskan Malamute. Beware of the hard sell. If you are being pressured into buying the puppy WALK AWAY.
每一个品种都有其优缺点，没有一个品种是十全十美。因此负责的繁育者将会向你坦白饲养阿拉斯加雪橇犬的缺点。当心强买强卖，如果有人非要卖你，而你又你感到饲养的压力，马上走开
3. Did the breeder insist that you take the dog through obedience training?
繁育者是否坚持叫你对狗 a requirement for sale. There is good reason for it. If you want your Alaskan Malamute to be a pleasure to own, it must have at least some basic obedience training.
负责的繁育者会经常在出售幼犬的时候对买主做此要求，这是有很充分的理由的。如果你希望能快乐的拥有你的阿拉斯加，那一些基础的服从性训练是必不可少的
4. Did the breeder discuss dog crates with you?
繁育者是否教会你使用笼子训练法
He or she should be explaining the importance of crate training, stressing how helpful they are, and talking about how to use them.
繁育者应该解释并强调笼子训练的重要性，而且教会你如何进行笼子训练
5. Will you get some kind of "starter kit"?
你是否学了一些入门的知识
The breeder will probably give you some materials to take home with the puppy to get you started. This "kit" will probably include some dog food, instructions on the care and feeding of your pup, a list of necessary supplies to have at home, dog care books, and some information on Veterinarians and dog training schools.
在你抱小狗回家时，繁育者应该赠送你你一些关于饲养的材料来指导你饲养幼犬。比如，饲养与护理常识、家庭养犬常备用品、护理方面书籍、以及一些关于疫苗和训练的书籍
6. Is the paperwork in order?
各种证书是否齐全
You should receive a contract (signed by both you and the seller), and a pedigree. Most responsible breeders sell their puppies on spay/neuter contracts, which means that you will receive the registration application only AFTER your dog has been spayed or neutered. This should be explained in the contract. (Note: You should not have to pay extra for the pedigree).
你应该同繁育者签署一个合同，以及一个血统证书。绝大多数负责的繁育者还会签署一个绝育合同，既只有当你的犬做好绝育后，方可等到认证申请表，而一切具体细节都需要在合同条款中阐述（注意：你不需要再为血统证书付额外的钱）
Your Responsibilities
你的责任
1. Are you willing to make a long term commitment to this dog?
你是否愿意为这条狗承担相当一段时间的责任与义务
Upon the purchase of this puppy, you are making a very serious, long term commitment to the health, care, training, and love of this dog. You should have this animal with you for a dozen years or more and it is your responsibility to do everything possible to keep it well, and happy for its entire life. A dog is not an object to be discarded when it no longer fits your life style!!! If you have any doubts that you can make this commitment, you need to seriously reconsider your decision to get a dog at this time.
一旦你买了这条狗，就意味着你将要为这条狗的健康、护理、和训练在相当一段时期内承担责任，并且爱这条狗。在以后的十几年中，你必须尽你所能去保持它健康，幸福，直至它离开这个世界。养狗不用于买其他商品，你不能像其他东西一样，在发觉不合适的时候就随手丢掉。如果你在买的时候对你的责任还有些忧郁，你需要慎重考虑再做定夺
2. Do you feel like you are adopting a child?
你是否感觉你是在收养一个孩子
You SHOULD be feeling this way!! Buying a puppy is a very serious act that involves great responsibility.DO NOT TAKE THIS RESPONSIBILITY LIGHTLY.事实上，你这应该这么想。买狗是件涉及到责任二字的很严肃的事情。请你不要把这份沉甸甸的责任看轻了
本文由CPN小潘老师 译
美国阿拉斯加犬协会 著
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